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Children on the brink 2004 : a joint report of new orphan estimates and a framework for action

UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S FUND (UNICEF)
JOINT UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME ON HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
USAID
July 2004

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Millions of children are growing up without parents. Millions more are in households with family members sick or dying from AIDS; children in sub-Saharan Africa have been hardest hit. This report presents the latest statistics on historical, current and projected numbers of children under 18 who have been orphaned by AIDS and other causes. This edition of the biennial report underscores the changing needs of this vulnerable group as they progress through adolescence and calls for the urgent development and expansion of family and community support

Moving forward : a report on pioneering responses to children affected by HIV/AIDS in Andhra Pradesh, India

VASAVYA MAHILA MANDALI (VMM)
March 2004

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Since 2000, the International HIV/AIDS Alliance and its country office in India has worked in three states in India to establish and support three Lead Partners, including Vasavya Mahila Mandali (VMM), and 37 implementing NGOs to carry out a pioneering programme of home and community-based care and support for children affected by HIV/AIDS and their families. In this report, VMM draws on its work to identify gaps in existing services and propose effective initiatives, policies and examples of good practice for dealing with the issues that children face when they are affected by HIV/AIDS

World health report 2004 : changing history

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
2004

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This report argues that a comprehensive HIV/AIDS strategy linking prevention, treatment, care and support for people living with the virus could save the lives of millions of people in poor and middle-income countries. At present, almost six million people in developing countries need treatment, but only about 400 000 of them received it in 2003. The World Health Report 2004 argues that a treatment gap of such dimensions is indefensible and that narrowing it is both an ethical obligation and a public health necessity. In September 2003 WHO, UNAIDS and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and their partners launched an effort to provide three million people in developing countries with antiretroviral therapy (ART) by end 2005 - the 3 by 5 initiative. This World Health Report shows how a partnership linking international organizations, national governments, the private sector and communities is working simultaneously to expand access to HIV/AIDS treatment, reinforce HIV prevention and strengthen health systems in some of the countries where they are currently weakest

Women's stories, women's lives : experiences with cervical cancer screening and treatment

BOYD, Anne R
BURNS, Michele
Eds
2004

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This publication is a collection of stories based on interviews with women in developing countries who participated in ACCP programmes. These women's stories illustrate the unnecessary suffering cervical cancer can cause women and their families and how prevention programs can save women's lives. ACCP projects have focused on regions in which cervical cancer incidence and mortality are highest: sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and South Asia, and have also focused on reaching women in their 30s and 40s

ACCP strategies for supporting women with cervical cancer

WHITE, Sarah C
WINKLER, Jennifer L
2004

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This report provides an overview of current issues relating to cancer treatment in developing countries and describes the support provided to cancer patients in countries where Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention (ACCP) has worked. The report outlines recommendations, based on ACCP experiences, for the provision of basic assistance at the national or local level to women with cervical cancer, within the context of a prevention-based intervention in low-resource settings

Ethiopian strategic plan for intensifying multi-sectorial HIV/AIDS response 2004-2008

NATIONAL HIV/AIDS PREVENTION AND CONTROL OFFICE (HAPCO)
FEDERAL MINISTRY OF HEALTH (FMOH)
2004

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This document sets out the strategic issues facing Ethiopia as it plans its response to the HIV and AIDS epidemic. Issues include capacity, community mobilisation, mainstreaming HIV in health programmes, coordination and networking, and targetting vulnerable groups. This document lists objectives under each of these headings, and strategies that will be used to achieve them. Each strategy is then listed with corresponding 'major activities' (milestones), indicators, verification method, and responsible bodies (mostly regional health bureaux, Ministry of Health, HAPCO and other stakeholders). The report includes a statement about budget requirements and allocations, governance, monitoring and evaluation, the roles of the different stakeholders, and a list of relevant documentation (manuals, guidelines, policy documents)

Service delivery model on access to care and antiretroviral therapy for people living with HIV/AIDS

INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT SOCIETIES (IFRCRCS)
2004

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The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies has developed a service model for the provision of ART in collaboration with governments and other potential partners. The model presented in this publication is based on the findings from seven African countries and from a review of the literature. The core issues determining the design of the approach include: holistic intervention; continuum of care; use of existing medical care structure; partnership (concerted efforts); phased approach; sustainability; advocacy; National Society entry point; focus on vulnerable groups; capacity building; and effective mechanism for mobilizing resources. The model reflects the IFRC belief that ART can be administered effectively only when it is part of a comprehensive intervention, and that some interventions like voluntary counselling and testing (VCT), community mobilization, treatment literacy and affordability of drugs are preconditions for beginning ART. In addition, nutritional and psychosocial support is vital. Information, education and communication (IEC), patient management with ART, prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), post-exposure prophylaxis, and procurement and distribution of essential drugs in a sustainable manner are the other critical components of a holistic intervention. Continuing to build the capacity of the implementing institutions and a sound management structure that promotes administrative efficiency are also important.

Young people we care! : a book of ideas for young people supporting each other in their communities

SHERMAN, Judith
September 2003

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This book is designed to help groups of young people support either younger children or their peers who are living in communities and households affected by AIDS. It can also be used by home-based care organisations that want to involve young people in their home-based care activities. Written for a facilitator or young person with a good knowledge of HIV/AIDS and facilitation experience, it aims to prepare a group of young people to implement the community activities. It includes participatory activities to help young people think through a number of topics. The community activities section is written for young people and suggests ways to help support other young people and children in the community

Building resilience in children affected by HIV/AIDS

MALLMAN, Sr Silke-Andrea
2003

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This is a practical guide for caregivers and teachers consisting of a collection of ideas, theories, tasks and exercises that help understand the behaviour and feelings of children affected by HIV/AIDS. The handbook provides practical advice on how to support children who have experienced loss and death in order to help them to cope

Making a hero book : a guide for facilitators

MORGAN, Jonathan
2003

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This manual describes one of the tools used in "memory work", an approach to helping families and communities cope with HIV and AIDS. Through a series of art exercises and storytelling, children are encouraged to identify their heroes or role models. This process should help children affected by HIV/AIDS to cope with emotions (sadness, fear, anger), and to develop resilience and a positive approach to life. Through the process of developing a book, children are also encouraged to see themselves as heroes, to rely on their strengths and maximise their potential to overcome the problems they might encounter

Planning and budgeting to deliver services for mental health : mental health policy and service guidance package

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
2003

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The purpose of this module is to set out a clear and rational model for assessing the needs of local populations for mental health care and for planning services accordingly. The module aims to provide countries with a set of planning and budgeting tools that can assist with the delivery of mental health services in local areas. It presents a pragmatic approach to service planning, making use of the best available information and taking account of the views of all relevant stakeholders

Organization of services for mental health : mental health policy and service guidance package

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
2003

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"This publication aims to: present a description and analysis of mental health services around the world examining different services and their organization and activities; review the current status of service organization around the world; make recommendations for organizing services; discuss crucial issues in the organization of services; discuss barriers to the organization of services and suggest solutions. The publication is intended to be useful to a range of people, including policy-makers and health planners, governmental and non-governmental organisations, and people with mental disorders and their families"

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Asia : a practical guidance for programs

PREBLE, Elizabeth A
PIWOZ, Ellen G
June 2002

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This paper focuses on mother to child transmission of HIV in the five most affected countries in Asia -- Cambodia, China, India, Myanmar, and Thailand. The technical background and lessons learned, however, are relevant for the rest of the region. It discusses risk factors, issues of diagnosis and treatment of pediatric AIDS and experiences of prevention in Asia and elsewhere. In particular it looks at issues of: comprehensive maternal and child health (MCH) services; voluntary counselling and testing (VCT); antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis; counselling and support for safe infant feeding; optimal obstetric practices. This document is intended as a technical resource and a basis for discussion and it is aimed at governments, NGOs and other stakeholders working in HIV prevention in Asia

Children, HIV/AIDS and communication in South Africa : a literature review

FOX Susan
OYOSI Salome
PARKER Warren
May 2002

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This literature review covers key issues relating to children aged 3-12 and HIV/AIDS, including discrimination, grief, children's rights, and knowledge and understanding of HIV/AIDS. The impact on the child, family and community is discussed in detail, particularly in terms of the psycho-social impact of bereavement and how this impacts on the child at different stages in its development. Various community programmes within southern Africa are highlighted, which support children to develop life skills. The influence, role and practice of the media in working with and reaching children is addressed, and case studies of South African media projects such as Soul Buddyz and Takalani Sesame are provided

South African health review 2001

HEALTH SYSTEMS TRUST (HST)
March 2002

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This is a comprehensive, authoritative and independent review of the South African health system. It is published annually and this year's edition is is made up of 17 chapters grouped into four themes: listening to voices, equity, information for health, accountability and transformation. The review acts as a barometer for assessing the transformation processes and their impact on provision of equitable health care to all in South Africa

Reducing malaria's impact on child health, development and survival

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). Roll Back Malaria
2002

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A concise publication on reducing the incidence of malaria among children. It provides some useful background facts on childhood mortality and other consequences such as low birth weight, anaemia, epilepsy, and learning difficulties. It then describes the tools to 'roll back malaria': insecticide-treated bednets, intermittent preventative treatment, antimalarial drug combination therapy, improving access to treatment, and strengthening health infrastructure

Meeting the needs of people with disabilities : new approaches in the health sector. A technical note

WIMAN, Ronald
HELANDER, Einar
WESTLAND, Joan
2002

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Today many people with disabilities tend to be disempowered and deprived of economic and social opportunities and security because they are excluded from areas of social life. Furthermore, they are also underserved by most public and private institutions and services. As a result, people with disabilities tend to be the poorest of the poor and their health is vulnerable.
The role of the health sector in the prevention of disabling conditions, in addressing disabling diseases and limiting their effects, as well as in rehabilitation is central. Therefore, health sector interventions should address the disability dimension to best facilitate poverty reduction.
In order to provide disabled people with a health care system that addresses their needs, several steps are needed. Governments must support equal opportunities for all and the disability dimension must be included into economic and social life

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